Praat contains the following types of objects and Editors. For an introduction and tutorials, see Intro.
General purpose:
- • Matrix: a sampled real-valued function of two variables
- • Polygon
- • PointProcess: a point process (PointEditor)
- • Sound: a sampled continuous process (SoundEditor, SoundRecorder, Sound files)
- • LongSound: a file-based version of a sound (LongSoundEditor)
- • Strings
- • Distributions, PairDistribution
- • Table, TableOfReal
- • Permutation
- • ParamCurve
Periodicity analysis:
- • Tutorials:
- • Intro 4. Pitch analysis
- • Intro 6. Intensity analysis
- • Voice (jitter, shimmer, noise)
- • Pitch: articulatory fundamental frequency, acoustic periodicity, or perceptual pitch (PitchEditor)
- • Harmonicity: degree of periodicity
- • Intensity, IntensityTier: intensity contour
- • Electroglottogram
Spectral analysis:
- • Tutorials:
- • Intro 3. Spectral analysis
- • Intro 5. Formant analysis
- • Spectrum: complex-valued equally spaced frequency spectrum (SpectrumEditor)
- • Ltas: long-term average spectrum
- • Spectro-temporal: Spectrogram, BarkSpectrogram, MelSpectrogram
- • Formant: acoustic formant contours
- • LPC: coefficients of Linear Predictive Coding, as a function of time
- • Cepstrum, CC, LFCC, MFCC (cepstral coefficients)
- • Excitation: excitation pattern of basilar membrane
- • Excitations: an ensemble of Excitation objects
- • Cochleagram: excitation pattern as a function of time
Labelling and segmentation (see Intro 7. Annotation):
- • TextGrid (TextGridEditor)
Listening experiments:
- • ExperimentMFC
Manipulation of sound:
- • Tutorials:
- • Intro 8.1. Manipulation of pitch
- • Intro 8.2. Manipulation of duration
- • Intro 8.3. Manipulation of intensity
- • Filtering
- • Source-filter synthesis
- • PitchTier (PitchTierEditor)
- • Manipulation (ManipulationEditor): overlap-add
- • DurationTier
- • FormantGrid
Articulatory synthesis (see the Articulatory synthesis tutorial):
- • Speaker: speaker characteristics of a woman, a man, or a child
- • Articulation: snapshot of articulatory specifications (muscle activities)
- • Artword: articulatory target specifications as functions of time
- • (VocalTract: area function)
Neural net package:
- • FFNet: feed-forward neural net
- • PatternList
- • Categories: for classification (CategoriesEditor)
Numerical and statistical analysis:
- • Eigen: eigenvectors and eigenvalues
- • Polynomial, Roots, ChebyshevSeries, LegendreSeries, ISpline, MSpline
- • Covariance: covariance matrix
- • Confusion: confusion matrix
- • Discriminant analysis: Discriminant
- • Principal component analysis: PCA
- • Correlation, ClassificationTable, SSCP
- • DTW: dynamic time warping
Multidimensional scaling:
- • Configuration (Salience)
- • Kruskal analysis: Dissimilarity (Weight), Similarity
- • INDSCAL analysis: Distance, ScalarProduct
- • Correspondence analysis: ContingencyTable
Optimality-theoretic learning (see the OT learning tutorial)
- • OTGrammar (OTGrammarEditor)
Bureaucracy
- • WordList, SpellingChecker
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